For authors

The medical quarterly Ophthalmology is a peer-reviewed scientific journal.

Categories of articles accepted:
The editors of the medical quarterly Ophthalmology accept the following for publication:
- experimental and clinical original papers (written in 2 language versions: English – American English preferred – and Polish)
- case reports (written in 2 language versions: English – American English preferred – and Polish) - constituting a documented presentation of a clinically significant case
- review papers (written in Polish) - constituting a systematic, qualitative, and up-to-date review of the literature on clinical and experimental issues with an educational dimension of the submitted papers
- letters to the editor (written in 2 language versions: English – American English preferred – and Polish)
Use of word processing software
The volume of review papers should not exceed 10 type written pages, experimental and clinical - 8 pages, and case reports - 5 pages, including the abstract, references, tables, and figures, but not including the title page. All pages including bibliography, figures, captions, and tables should be numbered consecutively at the bottom of the page.
The text should be in single-column format, clear, legibly prepared, and without additional formatting (alignment, spacing).
Bold font, italics, superscript and subscript, etc. are permitted.

In selected cases, with the approval of the editors, the volume of the paper and the number of references can be increased.
Tables and figures
Tables and figures should be attached in separate files when submitting the manuscript. When preparing a table, use one kind of formatting for each table. Tables should be prepared legibly. In the text, the references to the tables should be marked in round brackets (e.g., Fig. 1., Tab. I), and where they are to be placed should be marked (figures are numbered in Arabic, tables in Roman numerals). Captions of tables should be written in Polish and English.
Tables must not be too large or too numerous and should not be a compilation of clinical data on individual cases. Charts with data should be provided in a spreadsheet from MS WORD or MS EXEL. The charts should be accompanied by a data list. The publisher reserves the right to create charts based on the attached data.
Illustrative material
Submitted electronically, at a resolution of not less than 300 dpi, as separate files (PC version) with the following extensions: EPS (Encapsulated PostScript), TIFF (Tagged Image File Format), CDR (Corel DRAW), and AI (Adobe Illustrator).
Illustrations embedded in MS WORD are not usable.
All drawings, whether they are photographs, charts, or diagrams, should be numbered consecutively. Captions of drawings should be written in Polish and English.
Consents
Illustrative material used in articles must be the property of the authors; if not, the consent of its owners and the publishers of the journals or books in which it was originally published is necessary for distribution. Figures in photographs must not be recognizable unless the photograph is accompanied by written permission from the person concerned. The numbering of figures should follow the order in which they appear in the text.

If the material has been previously published, the source and acknowledgement of sharing should be cited in the description, and written permission from the copyright owner of the figure should be attached to the article. The consent of the author or publisher of the source publication according to their agreement on the right to distribute the material is required. This does not apply to material that is certain to be made available for public use forever (so-called public domain).
References
The literature list should be arranged according to the order of citations in the text (original papers – the list should not exceed 20 items; review papers – the list should not exceed 30 items; case reports – the list should not exceed 10 items). Each item of literature must include the following: when citing journals, the author's/authors’ surname(s), initial(s) of first name(s) without periods (3 names are given, and if there are more authors, the abbreviation "et al." is used), the title of the article, the title of the journal in the accepted abbreviation closed with a dot, the year of publication, the volume number, and page numbers from the first to the last; in the case of citing separate works (books): the name(s) of the author(s), the initial(s) of the first name(s), the title of the book, the publisher, and the place and year of publication. In the case of collective works, the name(s) of the editor(s) shall be annotated in "red". When giving the name of the journal, the abbreviations listed in Index Medicus should be used.
References should refer only to published titles.
Title page
On the title page, write the full name(s) of the author(s), the title of the paper (in Polish and English), the full name of the center(s) from which the authors come, the name and scientific title of the head(s) of the center(s), and the mailing address (including e-mail) of the selected author (name, surname, and scientific title).
Article structure
Original works:
1. Introduction – this should include the scientific rationale and purpose of the study
2. Material and methods – in this section, the principles of selection for the study and control group should be presented, the age and gender of the subjects should be indicated, as well as the inclusion and exclusion criteria (the circumstances of exclusion from the study should be clearly described) and the methods of randomization. The data acquisition protocol, the parameters studied, and the methods of measurement should be presented in detail, so that the results of the study can be reproduced. If a previously published methodology is used, its description is necessary only if significant modifications are made; otherwise, an appropriate citation is sufficient. The choice of a particular study method should also be justified, along with an assessment of its limitations. If drugs are used in the study, their international name, dose, and route of administration should be given. Statistical analysis methods should be described in detail to allow verification of results. Informed consent should be obtained from the patient for the use of their data – consent should be documented in the text of the manuscript. In addition, in the case of photographs or details that violate privacy, a copy of the patient's written consent for publication of the image should be included in the manuscript. Information on the consent of the local ethics committee should also be provided.
3. Results – this paragraph should contain a concise summary of the results obtained using tables, graphs, and illustrations. Data from tables and figures should not be repeated in the text, only described. Cases of exclusion from the study (e.g., dropouts) and complications of treatment should be given. The most important observations should be highlighted.
4. Discussion – this includes a discussion of the results obtained (without repeating them); this part of the paper should include the significance of the results of the study, its limitations, and references to other available studies (citations).
5. Conclusions – this should refer to the purpose of the work. The hypotheses made should be justified by the results obtained.

Review papers:
Review papers should follow the format of a regular article. The introduction should include the purpose of the article.

Case reports:
Case reports should be divided into the following sections: introduction, case report, and conclusions.

Letters to the editor:
Letters to the editor may present original data. All of them are subject to editing and possible shortening. Letters containing original data will be fully reviewed.
Abstract
Each manuscript should have a structured abstract in English.
For original papers, the abstract should consist of 4 paragraphs, just like the text of the manuscript: Introduction, Material and Methods, Results, and Conclusions (not a repetition of the discussion of results), of no more than 250 words each. Review papers should include an unstructured abstract (150–200 words). Case reports should include a structured abstract (200–250 words), divided like a manuscript (introduction, case report, and conclusions).
Key words
Please provide 3–6 key words (MeSH) using American spelling and avoiding general and plural terms and multiple concepts (avoid, for example, ‘ and’ , ‘ of’ ). Be sparing with abbreviations: only abbreviations firmly established in the field may be eligible. These key words will be used for indexing purposes.
Abbreviations
Only standard abbreviations should be used, but not in the abstract and not in the title of the paper. The first time, the abbreviated term in Polish is written in the text in its expanded form, and next to it, in round brackets, the abbreviation and its expansion in the English version are given (this requirement does not apply to units of measurement).
Units
Follow internationally accepted rules and conventions: use the international system of units (SI). If other units are mentioned, please give their equivalent in SI.
Footnotes
Footnotes should be used sparingly. Number them consecutively throughout the article. Many word processors can build footnotes into the text, and this feature may be used. Otherwise, please indicate the position of footnotes in the text and list the footnotes themselves separately at the end of the article. Do not include footnotes in the Reference list.
Duties and responsibilities of authors
When submitting a paper for publication, include a statement of the following:
1. the paper has not been published before;
2. it has not been submitted for publication in another journal;
3. its publication has been approved by all authors and the responsible bodies/institutions where the work was carried out;
4. if the work is accepted, it will not be published elsewhere, in the same form, in Polish, English, or any other language (including electronically) without the written permission of the copyright holder;
5. it is original and does not infringe on the copyrights of others; this applies to both the text and the photographs, sketches, figures, and other illustrative materials used.
Ethical requirements
When reporting experiments on human subjects, the authors should indicate whether the procedures followed were in accordance with the Helsinki Declaration of 1975, as revised in 2000 (concerning the ethical principles for the medical community and forbidding release of the name of the patient, their initials, or the hospital evidence number) and with the ethical standards of the responsible committee on human experimentation (institutional and national). Authors presenting case studies are obligated not to disclose patients’ personal data. Regarding photographs, in case of any doubt that the picture inadequately protects the patient’ s anonymity, his/her consent is required for publication.
Contributors
Each author is required to declare his or her individual contribution to the article: all authors must have materially participated in the research and/or article preparation, so the roles of all authors should be described. The statement that all authors have approved the final article should be true and included in the disclosure.
Ghostwriting, guest authorship, and plagiarism policy
The medical quarterly Ophthalmology has procedures in place to prevent ghostwriting, guest authorship, and plagiarism.
Copyright
All authors of the work must agree to its publication.
The editors and the publisher shall acquire exclusive copyright to the entire printed work (including the right to distribute in Poland and abroad in the fields of exploitation specified in Article 50 of the Law on Copyright and Related Rights of February 4, 1994 – Journal of Laws No. 24, item 83 – and on the Internet). No royalties are paid to the authors on account of the above use of the works.
Review process
Manuscripts are evaluated on the basis that they present new insights into the investigated topic and are likely to contribute to a research progress. It is understood that all authors listed on a manuscript have agreed to its submission. The signature of the corresponding author on the letter of submission signifies that these conditions have been fulfilled. Received manuscripts are first examined by the Editors of the medical quarterly Ophthalmology. Manuscripts with insufficient priority for publication are rejected promptly. Incomplete packages or manuscripts not prepared in the advised style will be sent back to authors without scientific review. The authors are notified with the reference number upon manuscript registration at the Editorial Office. This journal operates a single-blind review process. All contributions will be initially assessed by the editor for suitability for the journal. Papers deemed suitable are then typically sent to a minimum of 2 independent expert reviewers to assess the scientific quality of the paper. The Editor is responsible for the final decision regarding acceptance or rejection of articles. The Editor’s decision is final.
Language correction
The editors reserve the right to correct stylistic errors and medical terminology, and to make abbreviations. Works not prepared in accordance with the rules will be sent back to the authors for correction.
Submission of papers

Ethical standards and procedures

Papers for submission must be sent through the Editorial System website.

Ethical standards and procedures

Publication charge

Submit your paper

eISSN:	1689-362X
ISSN:	1505-2753