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REVIEW PAPER
Silicone Oil–induced Secondary Glaucoma
1
Department of Vitreoretinal Surgery, Medical University of Lublin, Poland
A - Research concept and design; B - Collection and/or assembly of data; C - Data analysis and interpretation; D - Writing the article; E - Critical revision of the article; F - Final approval of article
Submission date: 2025-09-09
Acceptance date: 2025-09-22
Publication date: 2025-11-06
Corresponding author
Michał Jabłoński
Klinika Chirurgii Siatkówki i Ciała Szklistego w Lublinie, Uniwersytet Medyczny w Lublinie, Poland
Klinika Chirurgii Siatkówki i Ciała Szklistego w Lublinie, Uniwersytet Medyczny w Lublinie, Poland
Ophthalmology 2025;28(2):25-31
KEYWORDS
TOPICS
ABSTRACT
Secondary glaucoma induced by silicone oil is one of the most serious complications following vitrectomy with endotamponade. The pathogenesis of elevated intraocular pressure is multifactorial and includes both early mechanisms – such as pupillary block or migration of oil into the anterior chamber – and late mechanisms, associated with chronic inflammation, synechial closure of the drainage angle, and infiltration of the trabecular meshwork by emulsified oil droplets. Treatment includes standard hypotensive pharmacotherapy, prophylactic peripheral iridotomy to prevent pupillary block, and, in selected cases, removal of the silicone oil. In advanced cases, surgical methods are employed, such as trabeculectomy, drainage implants, or cyclophotocoagulation. Early identification of the mechanisms leading to secondary glaucoma and the implementation of an appropriate therapeutic strategy remain crucial for preserving visual function in patients after retinal surgery.
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